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| Molecular Formula | AlCl3 |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow crystalline powder or granules |
| Molecular Weight | 133.34 |
| Melting Point | 194 °C |
| Boiling Point | 180°C |
| Density | 2.44 |
| Vapor Pressure | 1 mm Hg ( 100 °C) |
| Flash Point | 88 °C |
| Odor | It can be smelled of hydrogen chloride when exposed to humid air |
| Storage Conditions | 2-8°C, inert gas environment |
| Solubility | Easily soluble in water, alcohol, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride; slightly soluble in benzene |
| Purity | 3N (99.9%) / 4N (99.99%) / 5N (99.999%) /...... |
| Package Information | 1kg aluminum foil bags / 25kg fibre drums/custom OEM packaging |
High purity: Industrial-grade high-purity aluminum chloride can reach a purity of over 99.0%, and electronic-grade products have a purity of ≥99.99%, with metal impurities <10ppm and non-metal impurities <50ppm.
Strong catalytic activity: As a classic Lewis acid catalyst, AlCl3 can efficiently catalyze Friedel-Crafts reactions, isomerization reactions, polymerization reactions, etc., and its catalytic efficiency can be improved by 20%-30%.
Easy purification: Aluminum chloride can sublimate at 178°C under normal pressure. High-purity purification can be easily achieved through the sublimation-condensation process. The purity of the purified product can reach over 99.999%, which is suitable for high-end fields such as semiconductors and aerospace. Moreover, the sublimation process leaves no residue and does not introduce new impurities.
Organic synthesis: It is the core catalyst for Friedel-Crafts alkylation/acylation reactions and is widely used in the alkylation production of aromatic compounds such as benzene and toluene. It can also be used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates (such as antihistamines and antibiotics).
Petrochemicals: In petroleum refining, AlCl3, as an active component of reforming catalysts, can promote the conversion of alkanes and cycloalkanes in petroleum fractions into aromatics. It is also used in lubricant production to prepare high viscosity index lubricant base oils.
Electronics and semiconductors: Electronic-grade high-purity aluminum chloride is used in the etching process of semiconductor chips. It is used to prepare thin films by vapor deposition and serves as a conductive interconnect layer inside the chip. Its low impurity characteristics can affect the conductivity and lifespan of the chip.
Storage conditions: Aluminum Chloride is highly hygroscopic and must be sealed in double-layer vacuum packaging (inner PTFE film bag + outer corrosion-resistant steel drum), filled with dry nitrogen for protection, and stored in a dry warehouse below 20℃ and relative humidity <40%, away from water sources, humid environments and alkaline substances (such as sodium hydroxide and ammonia).
Treatment for accidental ingestion: This compound can corrode the mucous membranes of the mouth, esophagus, and gastrointestinal tract, causing severe pain, vomiting, bleeding, and other symptoms. Do not induce vomiting (to avoid secondary damage). Immediately drink plenty of milk or egg whites to neutralize the corrosive substances and protect the mucous membranes. Then, quickly take the patient to the hospital for gastric lavage and symptomatic treatment.
Operating environment: The operating area must be equipped with emergency rinsing devices (such as eyewash stations and sprinkler systems) and neutralizing agents (such as sodium bicarbonate solution). The floor must be covered with corrosion-resistant and non-slip mats. Smoking and eating are prohibited in the area. After the operation, hands and face must be washed with plenty of water. Work clothes must be washed separately and should not be washed with daily clothes.
Transportation safety: Transportation must comply with the "Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals," using corrosion-resistant, sealed transport containers. Vehicles must be equipped with rainproof, moisture-proof, and leak-proof facilities and display "Corrosive" warning signs. Severe jolting, exposure to direct sunlight, and rain must be avoided during transportation. Drivers must possess the necessary qualifications for transporting hazardous chemicals.
1. What is the optimal proportion of aluminum chloride used in the Friedel-Crafts reaction?
In Friedel-Crafts reactions, the proportion of aluminum chloride used needs to be adjusted according to the type of reactants: In alkylation reactions, the molar ratio of AlCl3 to alkylating reagents (such as chloroalkanes) is usually 1.1:1-1.5:1, with the excess used to adsorb the HCl generated in the reaction; In acylation reactions, because AlCl3 will form a complex with the acylation product, the molar ratio needs to be increased to 2:1-3:1, and the complex needs to be decomposed with ice water or dilute hydrochloric acid after the reaction; In laboratory small-scale tests, a ratio of 1.2:1 can be tried first, and then adjusted according to the reaction progress; In industrial production, the optimal ratio needs to be determined through pilot-scale testing to balance reaction efficiency and cost.
2. What are the key differences between anhydrous aluminum chloride and aluminum chloride hexahydrate, and how should I choose between them for different applications?
The core difference lies in their water content and chemical properties: Anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl3) contains no water of crystallization and has extremely strong Lewis acidity, making it suitable for applications requiring strong acid catalysis or anhydrous environments, such as organic catalysis, petroleum refining, and electronic materials. Aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl3・6H2O) is a hydrated crystal with weaker acidity and relatively mild hygroscopicity, primarily used in water treatment, flocculants, and printing plate making. The choice should be based on the reaction requirements (whether an anhydrous environment is needed, and the strength of the acid). Anhydrous AlCl3 is preferred for organic synthesis, while aluminum chloride hexahydrate is preferred for water treatment.
Wolfa professionally supplies this product, supporting small-batch sampling and large-volume procurement needs. Packaging options include ordinary glass bottles, glass ampoules, metal ampoules, etc.
For product analysis reports (such as COA) or procurement consulting, please feel free to contact us at jomin@wolfabio.com at any time.
| Molecular Formula | AlCl3 |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow crystalline powder or granules |
| Molecular Weight | 133.34 |
| Melting Point | 194 °C |
| Boiling Point | 180°C |
| Density | 2.44 |
| Vapor Pressure | 1 mm Hg ( 100 °C) |
| Flash Point | 88 °C |
| Odor | It can be smelled of hydrogen chloride when exposed to humid air |
| Storage Conditions | 2-8°C, inert gas environment |
| Solubility | Easily soluble in water, alcohol, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride; slightly soluble in benzene |
| Purity | 3N (99.9%) / 4N (99.99%) / 5N (99.999%) /...... |
| Package Information | 1kg aluminum foil bags / 25kg fibre drums/custom OEM packaging |
High purity: Industrial-grade high-purity aluminum chloride can reach a purity of over 99.0%, and electronic-grade products have a purity of ≥99.99%, with metal impurities <10ppm and non-metal impurities <50ppm.
Strong catalytic activity: As a classic Lewis acid catalyst, AlCl3 can efficiently catalyze Friedel-Crafts reactions, isomerization reactions, polymerization reactions, etc., and its catalytic efficiency can be improved by 20%-30%.
Easy purification: Aluminum chloride can sublimate at 178°C under normal pressure. High-purity purification can be easily achieved through the sublimation-condensation process. The purity of the purified product can reach over 99.999%, which is suitable for high-end fields such as semiconductors and aerospace. Moreover, the sublimation process leaves no residue and does not introduce new impurities.
Organic synthesis: It is the core catalyst for Friedel-Crafts alkylation/acylation reactions and is widely used in the alkylation production of aromatic compounds such as benzene and toluene. It can also be used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates (such as antihistamines and antibiotics).
Petrochemicals: In petroleum refining, AlCl3, as an active component of reforming catalysts, can promote the conversion of alkanes and cycloalkanes in petroleum fractions into aromatics. It is also used in lubricant production to prepare high viscosity index lubricant base oils.
Electronics and semiconductors: Electronic-grade high-purity aluminum chloride is used in the etching process of semiconductor chips. It is used to prepare thin films by vapor deposition and serves as a conductive interconnect layer inside the chip. Its low impurity characteristics can affect the conductivity and lifespan of the chip.
Storage conditions: Aluminum Chloride is highly hygroscopic and must be sealed in double-layer vacuum packaging (inner PTFE film bag + outer corrosion-resistant steel drum), filled with dry nitrogen for protection, and stored in a dry warehouse below 20℃ and relative humidity <40%, away from water sources, humid environments and alkaline substances (such as sodium hydroxide and ammonia).
Treatment for accidental ingestion: This compound can corrode the mucous membranes of the mouth, esophagus, and gastrointestinal tract, causing severe pain, vomiting, bleeding, and other symptoms. Do not induce vomiting (to avoid secondary damage). Immediately drink plenty of milk or egg whites to neutralize the corrosive substances and protect the mucous membranes. Then, quickly take the patient to the hospital for gastric lavage and symptomatic treatment.
Operating environment: The operating area must be equipped with emergency rinsing devices (such as eyewash stations and sprinkler systems) and neutralizing agents (such as sodium bicarbonate solution). The floor must be covered with corrosion-resistant and non-slip mats. Smoking and eating are prohibited in the area. After the operation, hands and face must be washed with plenty of water. Work clothes must be washed separately and should not be washed with daily clothes.
Transportation safety: Transportation must comply with the "Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals," using corrosion-resistant, sealed transport containers. Vehicles must be equipped with rainproof, moisture-proof, and leak-proof facilities and display "Corrosive" warning signs. Severe jolting, exposure to direct sunlight, and rain must be avoided during transportation. Drivers must possess the necessary qualifications for transporting hazardous chemicals.
1. What is the optimal proportion of aluminum chloride used in the Friedel-Crafts reaction?
In Friedel-Crafts reactions, the proportion of aluminum chloride used needs to be adjusted according to the type of reactants: In alkylation reactions, the molar ratio of AlCl3 to alkylating reagents (such as chloroalkanes) is usually 1.1:1-1.5:1, with the excess used to adsorb the HCl generated in the reaction; In acylation reactions, because AlCl3 will form a complex with the acylation product, the molar ratio needs to be increased to 2:1-3:1, and the complex needs to be decomposed with ice water or dilute hydrochloric acid after the reaction; In laboratory small-scale tests, a ratio of 1.2:1 can be tried first, and then adjusted according to the reaction progress; In industrial production, the optimal ratio needs to be determined through pilot-scale testing to balance reaction efficiency and cost.
2. What are the key differences between anhydrous aluminum chloride and aluminum chloride hexahydrate, and how should I choose between them for different applications?
The core difference lies in their water content and chemical properties: Anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl3) contains no water of crystallization and has extremely strong Lewis acidity, making it suitable for applications requiring strong acid catalysis or anhydrous environments, such as organic catalysis, petroleum refining, and electronic materials. Aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl3・6H2O) is a hydrated crystal with weaker acidity and relatively mild hygroscopicity, primarily used in water treatment, flocculants, and printing plate making. The choice should be based on the reaction requirements (whether an anhydrous environment is needed, and the strength of the acid). Anhydrous AlCl3 is preferred for organic synthesis, while aluminum chloride hexahydrate is preferred for water treatment.
Wolfa professionally supplies this product, supporting small-batch sampling and large-volume procurement needs. Packaging options include ordinary glass bottles, glass ampoules, metal ampoules, etc.
For product analysis reports (such as COA) or procurement consulting, please feel free to contact us at jomin@wolfabio.com at any time.
